代碼如下:

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter; 

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        backup("d:\\\\d.sql");
        recover("d:\\\\d.sql");
    }
    public static void backup(String path) throws IOException{
        Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
        //-u后面是用戶名，-p是密碼-p后面最好不要有空格，-family是數據庫的名字
        Process process = runtime.exec("mysqldump -u root -p123456 family");
        InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();//得到輸入流，寫成.sql文件
        InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream);
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(reader);
        String s = null;
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        while((s = br.readLine()) != null){
            sb.append(s+"\\r\\n");
        }
        s = sb.toString();
        System.out.println(s);
        File file = new File(path);
        file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
        fileOutputStream.write(s.getBytes());
        fileOutputStream.close();
        br.close();
        reader.close();
        inputStream.close();
    }
    public static void recover(String path) throws IOException{
        Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
        //-u后面是用戶名，-p是密碼-p后面最好不要有空格，-family是數據庫的名字，--default-character-set=utf8，這句話一定的加
        //我就是因為這句話沒加導致程序運行成功，但是數據庫里面的內容還是以前的內容，最好寫上完成的sql放到cmd中一運行才知道報錯了
        //錯誤信息：
        //mysql: Character set 'utf-8' is not a compiled character set and is not specified in the '
        //C:\\Program Files\\MySQL\\MySQL Server 5.5\\share\\charsets\\Index.xml' file ERROR 2019 (HY000): Can't
        // initialize character set utf-8 (path: C:\\Program Files\\MySQL\\MySQL Server 5.5\\share\\charsets\\)，
        //又是討人厭的編碼問題，在恢復的時候設置一下默認的編碼就可以了。
        Process process = runtime.exec("mysql -u root -p123456 --default-character-set=utf8 family");
        OutputStream outputStream = process.getOutputStream();
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(path)));
        String str = null;
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        while((str = br.readLine()) != null){
            sb.append(str+"\\r\\n");
        }
        str = sb.toString();
        System.out.println(str);
        OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream,"utf-8");
        writer.write(str);
        writer.flush();
        outputStream.close();
        br.close();
        writer.close();
    }
}