前言
在平時的業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng)開發(fā)中,少不了需要用到導(dǎo)出、導(dǎo)入excel功能,今天我們就一起來總結(jié)一下!
下面給大家介紹一下幾種常用方法:
一、Apache poi
大概在很久很久以前,微軟的電子表格軟件 Excel 以操作簡單、存儲數(shù)據(jù)直觀方便,還支持打印報表,在誕生之初,可謂深得辦公室里的白領(lǐng)青睞,極大的提升了工作的效率,不久之后,便成了辦公室里的必備工具。
隨著更多的新語言的崛起,例如我們所熟悉的 java,后來便有一些團隊開始開發(fā)一套能與 Excel 軟件無縫切換的操作工具!
當(dāng)然,在java生態(tài)體系里面,能與Excel無縫銜接的第三方工具還有很多,在開始也給大家列出來三個,因為 apache poi 在業(yè)界使用的最廣泛,因此其他的工具不做過多介紹!
話不多說,直接開擼!
1.1 首先添加依賴
- <dependencies>
- <!--xls(03)-->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
- <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
- <version>4.1.2</version>
- </dependency>
- <!--xlsx(07)-->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
- <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
- <version>4.1.2</version>
- </dependency>
- <!--時間格式化工具-->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
- <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
- <version>2.10.6</version>
- </dependency>
- </dependencies>
1.2 導(dǎo)出excel
導(dǎo)出操作,即使用 Java 寫出數(shù)據(jù)到 Excel 中,常見場景是將頁面上的數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出,這些數(shù)據(jù)可能是財務(wù)數(shù)據(jù),也可能是商品數(shù)據(jù),生成 Excel 后返回給用戶下載文件。
在 poi 工具庫中,導(dǎo)出 api 可以分三種方式
- HSSF方式: 這種方式導(dǎo)出的文件格式為office 2003專用格式,即.xls,優(yōu)點是導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)速度快,但是 最多65536行 數(shù)據(jù)
- XSSF方式: 這種方式導(dǎo)出的文件格式為office 2007專用格式,即.xlsx,優(yōu)點是導(dǎo)出的數(shù)據(jù)不受行數(shù)限制,缺點導(dǎo)出速度慢
- SXSSF方式: SXSSF 是 XSSF API的兼容流式擴展,主要解決當(dāng)使用 XSSF 方式導(dǎo)出大數(shù)據(jù)量時,內(nèi)存溢出的問題,支持導(dǎo)出大批量的excel數(shù)據(jù)
1.2.1 HSSF方式導(dǎo)出(.xls方式)
HSSF方式,最多只支持65536條數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出,超過這個條數(shù)會報錯!
- package cn.tedu.excel.test;
- import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- /**
- * HSSF方式導(dǎo)出:HSSF方式,最多只支持65536條數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出,超過這個條數(shù)會報錯!
- * 就是.xls模式
- */
- public class ExcelWrite2003Test {
- private static String PATH = "/Users/lixin/Desktop/";//自己輸出的路徑
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- //時間
- long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
- //創(chuàng)建一個工作簿
- Workbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
- //創(chuàng)建表
- Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
- //寫入數(shù)據(jù)
- for (int rowNumber = 0; rowNumber < 65536; rowNumber++) {
- //創(chuàng)建行
- Row row = sheet.createRow(rowNumber);
- for (int cellNumber = 0; cellNumber < 10; cellNumber++) {
- //創(chuàng)建列
- Cell cell = row.createCell(cellNumber);
- cell.setCellValue(cellNumber);
- }
- }
- System.out.println("結(jié)束!");
- FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(PATH + "用戶信息表-XLS.xls");
- workbook.write(fileOutputStream);
- fileOutputStream.close();
- long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
- System.out.println("時間為:"+(double) (end - begin) / 1000);//2.262s
- }
- }
1.2.2 XSSF方式導(dǎo)出(.xlsx)
XSSF方式支持大批量數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出,所有的數(shù)據(jù)先寫入內(nèi)存再導(dǎo)出,容易出現(xiàn)內(nèi)存溢出!
- package cn.tedu.excel.test;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
- import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- /**
- * .xlsx方式
- */
- public class ExcelWrite2007Test {
- public static String PATH = "/Users/lixin/Desktop/";
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- //時間
- long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
- //創(chuàng)建一個工作簿
- Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
- //創(chuàng)建表
- Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
- //寫入數(shù)據(jù)
- for (int rowNumber = 0; rowNumber < 65537; rowNumber++) {
- Row row = sheet.createRow(rowNumber);
- for (int cellNumber = 0; cellNumber < 10; cellNumber++) {
- Cell cell = row.createCell(cellNumber);
- cell.setCellValue(cellNumber);
- }
- }
- System.out.println("結(jié)束");
- FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(PATH + "用戶信息表-XLSX.xlsx");
- workbook.write(fileOutputStream);
- fileOutputStream.close();
- long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
- System.out.println((double) (end - begin) / 1000);//5.003s
- }
- }
1.2.3、SXSSF方式導(dǎo)出
SXSSF方式是XSSF方式的一種延伸,主要特性是低內(nèi)存,導(dǎo)出的時候,先將數(shù)據(jù)寫入磁盤再導(dǎo)出,避免報內(nèi)存不足,導(dǎo)致程序運行異常,缺點是運行很慢!
- package cn.tedu.excel.test;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
- import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- public class ExcelWriteSXSSFTest {
- public static String PATH = "/Users/lixin/Desktop/";
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- //時間
- long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
- //創(chuàng)建一個工作簿
- Workbook workbook = new SXSSFWorkbook();
- //創(chuàng)建表
- Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
- //寫入數(shù)據(jù)
- for (int rowNumber = 0; rowNumber < 100000; rowNumber++) {
- Row row = sheet.createRow(rowNumber);
- for (int cellNumber = 0; cellNumber < 10; cellNumber++) {
- Cell cell = row.createCell(cellNumber);
- cell.setCellValue(cellNumber);
- }
- }
- System.out.println("over");
- FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(PATH + "用戶信息表-SXSSF.xlsx");
- workbook.write(fileOutputStream);
- fileOutputStream.close();
- long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
- System.out.println((double) (end - begin) / 1000);//6.39s
- }
- }
1.3 導(dǎo)入excel
導(dǎo)入操作,即將 excel 中的數(shù)據(jù)采用java工具庫將其解析出來,進而將 excel 數(shù)據(jù)寫入數(shù)據(jù)庫!
同樣,在 poi 工具庫中,導(dǎo)入 api 也分三種方式,與上面的導(dǎo)出一一對應(yīng)!
1.3.1 HSSF方式導(dǎo)入
- package cn.tedu.excel.test;
- import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDateUtil;
- import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
- import org.joda.time.DateTime;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.util.Date;
- public class ExcelRead2003Test {
- public static String PATH = "/Users/lixin/Desktop/";
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- //獲取文件流
- FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(PATH + "用戶信息表2003read.xls");
- //1.創(chuàng)建工作簿,使用excel能操作的這邊都看看操作
- Workbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
- //2.得到表
- Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
- //3.得到行
- Row row = sheet.getRow(0);
- //4.得到列
- Cell cell = row.getCell(0);
- getValue(cell);
- inputStream.close();
- }
- public static void getValue(Cell cell){
- //匹配類型數(shù)據(jù)
- if (cell != null) {
- CellType cellType = cell.getCellType();
- String cellValue = "";
- switch (cellType) {
- case STRING: //字符串
- System.out.print("[String類型]");
- cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();
- break;
- case BOOLEAN: //布爾類型
- System.out.print("[boolean類型]");
- cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
- break;
- case BLANK: //空
- System.out.print("[BLANK類型]");
- break;
- case NUMERIC: //數(shù)字(日期、普通數(shù)字)
- System.out.print("[NUMERIC類型]");
- if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) { //日期
- System.out.print("[日期]");
- Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
- cellValue = new DateTime(date).toString("yyyy-MM-dd");
- } else {
- //不是日期格式,防止數(shù)字過長
- System.out.print("[轉(zhuǎn)換為字符串輸出]");
- cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
- cellValue = cell.toString();
- }
- break;
- case ERROR:
- System.out.print("[數(shù)據(jù)類型錯誤]");
- break;
- }
- System.out.println(cellValue);
- }
- }
- }
輸出結(jié)果類似如圖所示:
1.3.2 XSSF方式導(dǎo)入
- package cn.tedu.excel.test;
- import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDateUtil;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
- import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
- import org.joda.time.DateTime;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.util.Date;
- public class ExcelRead2007Test {
- public static String PATH = "/Users/lixin/Desktop/";
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- //獲取文件流
- FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(PATH + "用戶信息表2007read.xlsx");
- //1.創(chuàng)建工作簿,使用excel能操作的這邊都看看操作
- Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
- //2.得到表
- Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
- //3.得到行
- Row row = sheet.getRow(0);
- //4.得到列
- Cell cell = row.getCell(0);
- getValue(cell);
- inputStream.close();
- }
- public static void getValue(Cell cell){
- //匹配類型數(shù)據(jù)
- if (cell != null) {
- CellType cellType = cell.getCellType();
- String cellValue = "";
- switch (cellType) {
- case STRING: //字符串
- System.out.print("[String類型]");
- cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();
- break;
- case BOOLEAN: //布爾類型
- System.out.print("[boolean類型]");
- cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
- break;
- case BLANK: //空
- System.out.print("[BLANK類型]");
- break;
- case NUMERIC: //數(shù)字(日期、普通數(shù)字)
- System.out.print("[NUMERIC類型]");
- if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) { //日期
- System.out.print("[日期]");
- Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
- cellValue = new DateTime(date).toString("yyyy-MM-dd");
- } else {
- //不是日期格式,防止數(shù)字過長
- System.out.print("[轉(zhuǎn)換為字符串輸出]");
- cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
- cellValue = cell.toString();
- }
- break;
- case ERROR:
- System.out.print("[數(shù)據(jù)類型錯誤]");
- break;
- }
- System.out.println(cellValue);
- }
- }
- }
1.3.3 SXSSF方式導(dǎo)入
- package cn.tedu.excel.test;
- import org.apache.poi.ooxml.util.SAXHelper;
- import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
- import org.apache.poi.xssf.eventusermodel.ReadOnlySharedStringsTable;
- import org.apache.poi.xssf.eventusermodel.XSSFReader;
- import org.apache.poi.xssf.eventusermodel.XSSFSheetXMLHandler;
- import org.apache.poi.xssf.model.StylesTable;
- import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFComment;
- import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
- import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.Iterator;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.stream.Collectors;
- public class ExcelReadSXSSFTest {
- public static String PATH = "/Users/lixin/Desktop/";
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- //獲取文件流
- //1.創(chuàng)建工作簿,使用excel能操作的這邊都看看操作
- OPCPackage opcPackage = OPCPackage.open(PATH + "用戶信息表2007read.xlsx");
- XSSFReader xssfReader = new XSSFReader(opcPackage);
- StylesTable stylesTable = xssfReader.getStylesTable();
- ReadOnlySharedStringsTable sharedStringsTable = new ReadOnlySharedStringsTable(opcPackage);
- // 創(chuàng)建XMLReader,設(shè)置ContentHandler
- XMLReader xmlReader = SAXHelper.newXMLReader();
- xmlReader.setContentHandler(new XSSFSheetXMLHandler(stylesTable, sharedStringsTable, new SimpleSheetContentsHandler(), false));
- // 解析每個Sheet數(shù)據(jù)
- Iterator<InputStream> sheetsData = xssfReader.getSheetsData();
- while (sheetsData.hasNext()) {
- try (InputStream inputStream = sheetsData.next();) {
- xmlReader.parse(new InputSource(inputStream));
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 內(nèi)容處理器
- */
- public static class SimpleSheetContentsHandler implements XSSFSheetXMLHandler.SheetContentsHandler {
- protected List<String> row;
- @Override
- public void startRow(int rowNum) {
- row = new ArrayList<>();
- }
- @Override
- public void endRow(int rowNum) {
- if (row.isEmpty()) {
- return;
- }
- // 處理數(shù)據(jù)
- System.out.println(row.stream().collect(Collectors.joining(" ")));
- }
- @Override
- public void cell(String cellReference, String formattedValue, XSSFComment comment) {
- row.add(formattedValue);
- }
- @Override
- public void headerFooter(String text, boolean isHeader, String tagName) {
- }
- }
- }
二、Easypoi
以前的以前,有個大佬程序員,跳到一家公司之后就和業(yè)務(wù)人員聊上了,這些業(yè)務(wù)員對excel報表有著許許多多的要求,比如想要一個報表,他的表頭是一個多行表頭,過幾天之后,他想要給這些表頭添加樣式,比如關(guān)鍵的數(shù)據(jù)標(biāo)紅,再過幾天,他想要再末尾添加一條合計的數(shù)據(jù),等等!
起初還好,都是copy、copy,之后發(fā)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)中出現(xiàn)大量的重復(fù)代碼,于是有一天真的忍受不了了,采用注解搞定來搞定這些定制化成程度高的邏輯,將公共化抽離出來,于是誕生了 easypoi!它的底層也是基于 apache poi 進行深度開發(fā)的,它主要的特點就是將更多重復(fù)的工作,全部簡單化,避免編寫重復(fù)的代碼!
下面,我們就一起來了解一下這款高大上的開源工具:easypoi
2.1 添加依賴包
- <dependencies>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId>
- <artifactId>easypoi-base</artifactId>
- <version>4.1.0</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId>
- <artifactId>easypoi-web</artifactId>
- <version>4.1.0</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId>
- <artifactId>easypoi-annotation</artifactId>
- <version>4.1.0</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.googlecode.json-simple</groupId>
- <artifactId>json-simple</artifactId>
- <version>1.1.1</version>
- </dependency>
- </dependencies>
2.2 采用注解導(dǎo)出導(dǎo)入
easypoi 最大的亮點就是基于注解實體類來導(dǎo)出、導(dǎo)入excel,使用起來非常簡單!
我們創(chuàng)建一個實體類UserEntity,其中@Excel注解表示導(dǎo)出文件的頭部信息。
添加Lombok插件,替代set和get方法
2.2.1 導(dǎo)出操作
- package cn.tedu.excel.easypoi;
- import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.ExcelExportUtil;
- import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.annotation.Excel;
- import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.entity.ExportParams;
- import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
- import lombok.Data;
- import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
- import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.Date;
- import java.util.List;
- @Data
- @NoArgsConstructor
- @AllArgsConstructor
- public class UserEntity {
- @Excel(name = "姓名")
- private String name;
- @Excel(name = "年齡")
- private int age;
- @Excel(name = "操作時間",format="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", width = 20.0)
- private Date time;
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- List<UserEntity> dataList = new ArrayList<>();
- for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
- UserEntity userEntity = new UserEntity();
- userEntity.setName("張三" + i);
- userEntity.setAge(20 + i);
- userEntity.setTime(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + i));
- dataList.add(userEntity);
- }
- //生成excel文檔
- Workbook workbook = ExcelExportUtil.exportExcel(new ExportParams("用戶","用戶信息"),
- UserEntity.class, dataList);
- FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("/Users/lixin/Desktop/easypoi-user.xls");
- workbook.write(fos);
- fos.close();
- }
- }
導(dǎo)出文件預(yù)覽圖如下:
2.2.2 導(dǎo)入操作
- package cn.tedu.excel.easypoi;
- import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.ExcelImportUtil;
- import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.annotation.Excel;
- import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.entity.ImportParams;
- import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
- import lombok.Data;
- import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.util.Date;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.json.simple.JSONArray;
- @Data
- @NoArgsConstructor
- @AllArgsConstructor
- public class StudentEntity {
- @Excel(name = "姓名")
- private String name;
- @Excel(name = "年齡")
- private int age;
- @Excel(name = "操作時間",format="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", width = 20.0)
- private Date time;
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- ImportParams params = new ImportParams();
- params.setTitleRows(1);
- params.setHeadRows(1);
- long start = new Date().getTime();
- List<StudentEntity> list = ExcelImportUtil.importExcel(new File("/Users/lixin/Desktop/easypoi-user1.xls"),
- UserEntity.class, params);
- System.out.println(new Date().getTime() - start);
- System.out.println(JSONArray.toJSONString(list));
- }
- }
輸出結(jié)果為:
[UserEntity(name=張三0, age=20, time=Mon Mar 29 11:29:52 CST 2021),UserEntity(name=李四, age=21, time=Mon Mar 29 11:29:52 CST 2021),UserEntity(name=王武, age=22, time=Mon Mar 29 11:29:52 CST 2021),UserEntity(name=趙六, age=23, time=Mon Mar 29 11:29:52 CST 2021),UserEntity(name=null, age=0, time=null),UserEntity(name=null, age=0, time=null),UserEntity(name=null, age=0, time=null),UserEntity(name=null, age=0, time=null),UserEntity(name=null, age=0, time=null),UserEntity(name=null, age=0, time=null)]
2.3 自定義數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)導(dǎo)出導(dǎo)入
easypoi 同樣也支持自定義數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)導(dǎo)出導(dǎo)入excel。
自定義數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出 excel
2.3.1 導(dǎo)出操作
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- //封裝表頭
- List<ExcelExportEntity> entityList = new ArrayList<ExcelExportEntity>();
- entityList.add(new ExcelExportEntity("姓名", "name"));
- entityList.add(new ExcelExportEntity("年齡", "age"));
- ExcelExportEntity entityTime = new ExcelExportEntity("操作時間", "time");
- entityTime.setFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
- entityTime.setWidth(20.0);
- entityList.add(entityTime);
- //封裝數(shù)據(jù)體
- List<Map<String, Object>> dataList = new ArrayList<>();
- for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
- Map<String, Object> userEntityMap = new HashMap<>();
- userEntityMap.put("name", "張三" + i);
- userEntityMap.put("age", 20 + i);
- userEntityMap.put("time", new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + i));
- dataList.add(userEntityMap);
- }
- //生成excel文檔
- Workbook workbook = ExcelExportUtil.exportExcel(new ExportParams("學(xué)生","用戶信息"), entityList, dataList);
- FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("/Users/lixin/Desktop/easypoi-user2.xls");
- workbook.write(fos);
- fos.close();
- }
2.3.2 導(dǎo)入操作
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- ImportParams params = new ImportParams();
- params.setTitleRows(1);
- params.setHeadRows(1);
- long start = new Date().getTime();
- List<Map<String, Object>> list = ExcelImportUtil.importExcel(new File("/Users/lixin/Desktop/easypoi-user2.xls"),
- Map.class, params);
- System.out.println(new Date().getTime() - start);
- System.out.println(JSONArray.toJSONString(list));
- }
更多的 api 操作可以訪問 Easypoi - 接口文檔
三、Easyexcel
easyexcel 是阿里巴巴開源的一款 excel 解析工具,底層邏輯也是基于 apache poi 進行二次開發(fā)的。不同的是,再讀寫數(shù)據(jù)的時候,采用 sax 模式一行一行解析,在并發(fā)量很大的情況下,依然能穩(wěn)定運行!
下面,我們就一起來了解一下這款新起之秀!
3.1 添加依賴包
- <!-- EasyExcel -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
- <artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId>
- <version>2.2.6</version>
- </dependency>
- <!--常用工具庫-->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
- <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
- <version>29.0-jre</version>
- </dependency>
3.2 采用注解導(dǎo)出導(dǎo)入
easyexcel 同樣也支持采用注解方式進行導(dǎo)出、導(dǎo)入!
首先,我們創(chuàng)建一個實體類UserEntity,其中@ExcelProperty注解表示導(dǎo)出文件的頭部信息。
3.2.1 導(dǎo)出操作
- package cn.tedu.excel.easyexcel;
- import com.alibaba.excel.EasyExcel;
- import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;
- import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
- import lombok.Data;
- import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
- import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.Date;
- import java.util.List;
- @Data
- @NoArgsConstructor
- @AllArgsConstructor
- public class UserEntity {
- @ExcelProperty(value = "姓名")
- private String name;
- @ExcelProperty(value = "年齡")
- private int age;
- @DateTimeFormat(fallbackPatterns = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
- @ExcelProperty(value = "操作時間")
- private Date time;
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- List<UserEntity> dataList = new ArrayList<>();
- for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
- UserEntity userEntity = new UserEntity();
- userEntity.setName("張三" + i);
- userEntity.setAge(20 + i);
- userEntity.setTime(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + i));
- dataList.add(userEntity);
- }
- EasyExcel.write("/Users/lixin/Desktop/easyexcel-user1.xls", UserEntity.class).sheet("用戶信息").doWrite(dataList);
- }
- }
導(dǎo)出預(yù)覽圖:
3.2.2 導(dǎo)入操作
- package cn.tedu.excel.easyexcel;
- import com.alibaba.excel.EasyExcel;
- import org.json.simple.JSONArray;
- import java.util.List;
- public class DemoData {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- String filePath = "/Users/lixin/Desktop/easyexcel-user1.xls";
- List<DemoData> list = EasyExcel.read(filePath).head(UserEntity.class).sheet().doReadSync();
- System.out.println(JSONArray.toJSONString(list));
- }
- }
結(jié)果顯示:
[UserEntity(name=張三0, age=20, time=Mon Mar 29 16:42:20 CST 2021),UserEntity(name=張三1, age=21, time=Mon Mar 29 16:42:20 CST 2021),UserEntity(name=張三2, age=22, time=Mon Mar 29 16:42:20 CST 2021),UserEntity(name=張三3, age=23, time=Mon Mar 29 16:42:20 CST 2021),UserEntity(name=張三4, age=24, time=Mon Mar 29 16:42:20 CST 2021),UserEntity(name=張三5, age=25, time=Mon Mar 29 16:42:20 CST 2021),UserEntity(name=張三6, age=26, time=Mon Mar 29 16:42:20 CST 2021),UserEntity(name=張三7, age=27, time=Mon Mar 29 16:42:20 CST 2021),UserEntity(name=張三8, age=28, time=Mon Mar 29 16:42:20 CST 2021),UserEntity(name=張三9, age=29, time=Mon Mar 29 16:42:20 CST 2021)]
3.3 自定義數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)導(dǎo)出導(dǎo)入
easyexcel 同樣也支持自定義數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)導(dǎo)出導(dǎo)入excel。
3.3.1 導(dǎo)出操作
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- //表頭
- List<List<String>> headList = new ArrayList<>();
- headList.add(Lists.newArrayList("姓名"));
- headList.add(Lists.newArrayList("年齡"));
- headList.add(Lists.newArrayList("操作時間"));
- //數(shù)據(jù)體
- List<List<Object>> dataList = new ArrayList<>();
- for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
- List<Object> data = new ArrayList<>();
- data.add("張三" + i);
- data.add(20 + i);
- data.add(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + i));
- dataList.add(data);
- }
- EasyExcel.write("/Users/hello/Documents/easyexcel-user2.xls").head(headList).sheet("用戶信息").doWrite(dataList);
- }
3.3.2 導(dǎo)入操作
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- String filePath = "/Users/panzhi/Documents/easyexcel-user2.xls";
- UserDataListener userDataListener = new UserDataListener();
- EasyExcel.read(filePath, userDataListener).sheet().doRead();
- System.out.println("表頭:" + JSONArray.toJSONString(userDataListener.getHeadList()));
- System.out.println("數(shù)據(jù)體:" + JSONArray.toJSONString(userDataListener.getDataList()));
- }
運行結(jié)果如圖所示:
表頭:[{0:"姓名",1:"年齡",2:"操作時間"}]
數(shù)據(jù)體:[{0:"張三0",1:"20",2:"2021-03-29 16:31:39"},{0:"張三1",1:"21",2:"2021-03-29 16:31:39"},{0:"張三2",1:"22",2:"2021-03-29 16:31:39"},{0:"張三3",1:"23",2:"2021-03-29 16:31:39"},{0:"張三4",1:"24",2:"2021-03-29 16:31:39"},{0:"張三5",1:"25",2:"2021-03-29 16:31:39"},{0:"張三6",1:"26",2:"2021-03-29 16:31:39"},{0:"張三7",1:"27",2:"2021-03-29 16:31:39"},{0:"張三8",1:"28",2:"2021-03-29 16:31:39"},{0:"張三9",1:"29",2:"2021-03-29 16:31:39"}]
更多的 api 操作可以訪問 easyexcel - 接口文檔!
四、總結(jié)
總體來說,Easypoi 和 Easyexcel 都是基于Apache poi進行二次開發(fā)的。
不同點在于:
- Easypoi 在讀寫數(shù)據(jù)的時候,優(yōu)先是先將數(shù)據(jù)寫入內(nèi)存,優(yōu)點是讀寫性能非常高,但是當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)量很大的時候,會出現(xiàn)oom,當(dāng)然它也提供了 sax 模式的讀寫方式,需要調(diào)用特定的方法實現(xiàn)。
- Easyexcel 基于sax模式進行讀寫數(shù)據(jù),不會出現(xiàn)oom情況,程序有過高并發(fā)場景的驗證,因此程序運行比較穩(wěn)定,相對于 Easypoi 來說,讀寫性能稍慢!
Easypoi 與 Easyexcel 還有一點區(qū)別在于,Easypoi 對定制化的導(dǎo)出支持非常的豐富,如果當(dāng)前的項目需求,并發(fā)量不大、數(shù)據(jù)量也不大,但是需要導(dǎo)出 excel 的文件樣式千差萬別,那么我推薦你用 easypoi;反之,使用 easyexcel !
到此這篇關(guān)于Java操作excel的三種常見方法的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Java操作excel內(nèi)容請搜索服務(wù)器之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持服務(wù)器之家!
原文鏈接:https://blog.csdn.net/qq1808814025/article/details/115294105