一、網絡基礎
二、網絡協議
實現TCP的網絡編程 例子1：客戶端發送信息給服務端，服務端將數據顯示在控制臺上 public class TCPTest1 { //客戶端 @Test public void client() { Socket socket = null; OutputStream os = null; try { //1.創建Socket對象，指明服務器端的ip和端口號 InetAddress inet = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"); socket = new Socket(inet, 8899); //2.獲取一個輸出流，用于輸出數據 os = socket.getOutputStream(); //3.寫出數據的操作 os.write("你好，我是客戶端mm".getBytes()); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { //4.資源的關閉 if(os != null){ try { os.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if(socket != null){ try { socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } //服務端 @Test public void server(){ ServerSocket ss = null; Socket socket = null; InputStream is = null; ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null; try { //1.創建服務器的ServerSocket,指明自己的端口號 ss = new ServerSocket(8899); //2.調用accept()表示接收來自于客戶端的socket socket = ss.accept(); //3.獲取輸入流 is = socket.getInputStream(); //不建議這樣寫，可能會有亂碼 // byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; // int len; // while((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1){ // String str = new String(buffer,0,len); // System.out.println(str); // } //4.讀取輸入流中的數據 baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte[] buffer = new byte[5]; int len; while((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1){ baos.write(buffer,0,len); } System.out.println(baos.toString()); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { //5.關閉資源 if(baos != null){ try { baos.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if(is != null){ try { is.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if(socket != null){ try { socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if(ss != null){ try { ss.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } }
實現TCP的網絡編程
例題2：客戶端發送文件給服務端，服務端將文件保存在本地。
public class TCPTest2 {
//這里異常處理的方式應該使用try-catch-finally
@Test
public void client() throws IOException {
Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9090);
OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File("beauty.jpg"));
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len;
while((len = fis.read(buffer)) != -1){
os.write(buffer,0,len);
}
fis.close();
os.close();
socket.close();
}
//這里異常處理的方式應該使用try-catch-finally
@Test
public void server() throws IOException {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(9090);
Socket socket = ss.accept();
InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("beauty1.jpg"));
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len;
while((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1){
fos.write(buffer,0,len);
}
fos.close();
is.close();
socket.close();
ss.close();
}
}
實現TCP的網絡編程
例題3：從客戶端發送文件給服務端，服務端保存到本地，并返回"發送成功"給客戶端。并關閉相應的連接
public class TCPTest3 {
@Test
public void client() throws IOException {
Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9090);
OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File("beauty.jpg"));
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len;
while((len = fis.read(buffer)) != -1){
os.write(buffer,0,len);
}
//服務區端給予客戶端反饋
OutputStream os1 = socket.getOutputStream();
os.write("你好，美女，照片我以收到，非常漂亮！".getBytes());
fis.close();
os.close();
socket.close();
os1.close();
}
//這里異常處理的方式應該使用try-catch-finally
@Test
public void server() throws IOException {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(9090);
Socket socket = ss.accept();
InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("beauty2.jpg"));
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len;
while((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1){
fos.write(buffer,0,len);
}
//接受來自于服務器端的數據，并顯示到控制臺上
InputStream is1 = socket.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] bufferr = new byte[20];
int len1;
while((len1 = is1.read(buffer)) != -1){
baos.write(buffer,0,len1);
}
System.out.println(baos.toString());
fos.close();
is.close();
socket.close();
ss.close();
baos.close();
}
}
UDP協議的網絡編程
public class UDPTest {
@Test
public void sender() throws IOException {
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
String str = "我是UDP方式發送的導彈";
byte[] data = str.getBytes();
InetAddress inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data,0,data.length,inet,9090);
socket.send(packet);
socket.close();
}
@Test
public void receiver() throws IOException {
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9090);
byte[] buffer = new byte[100];
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
socket.receive(packet);
System.out.println(new String(packet.getData(),0,packet.getLength()));
}
URL類
URL網絡編程
1.URL:統一資源定位符，對應著互聯網的某一資源地址
2.格式：
http://localhost:8080/examples/beauty.jpg?username=Tom
協議 主機名 端口號 資源地址 參數列表
public class URLTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/examples/beauty.jpg?username=Tom");
// public String getProtocol() 獲取該URL的協議名
System.out.println(url.getProtocol());// http
// public String getHost() 獲取該URL的主機名
System.out.println(url.getHost());//localhost
// public String getPort() 獲取該URL的端口號
System.out.println(url.getPort());// 8080
// public String getPath() 獲取該URL的文件路徑
System.out.println(url.getPath());//examples/beauty.jpg
// public String getFile() 獲取該URL的文件名
System.out.println(url.getFile());//examples/beauty.jpg?username=Tom
// public String getQuery() 獲取該URL的查詢名
System.out.println(url.getQuery());//username=Tom
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
以上就是Java網絡編程之入門篇的詳細內容，更多關于Java網絡編程的資料請關注服務器之家其它相關文章！
原文鏈接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_49329785/article/details/119979545
