核心代碼
requests.get 下載html網頁
bs4.BeautifulSoup 分析html內容
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from requests import get from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs from datetime import datetime as dt def Today(style = 1 ): date = dt.today() if style! = 1 : return f '{date.month}月{date.day}日' return f '{date.year}-{date.month:02}-{date.day:02}' def SinaNews(style = 1 ): url1 = 'http://news.***.com.cn/' if style = = 1 : url1 + = 'world' elif style = = 2 : url1 + = 'china' else : url1 = 'https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/' text = get(url1) text.encoding = 'uft-8' soup = bs(text.text, 'html.parser' ) aTags = soup.find_all( "a" ) return [(t.text,t[ 'href' ]) for t in aTags if Today() in str (t)] |
爬取標題
>>> for i,news in enumerate(SinaNews(1)):
print(f'No{i+1}:',news[0])
No1: 外媒:*****
No2: 日媒:******
.............
內容已馬賽克!!!
>>>
首次做爬蟲,為了方便下手找一個不用破解網頁的某新聞網站,下載網頁就能直接取得內容。其中的國際、國內和軍事新聞三個網頁作內容源,requests.get下載網頁后,分析所得html文本,所有<a href=...>標記帶日期剛好所需要的。
爬取正文
然后再根據url下載正文網頁,分析可知id=‘article'的<div>層就是正文所在位置,.get_text()是取得文本的關鍵函數,然后適當做一些格式處理:
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>>> def NewsDownload(url): html = get(url) html.encoding = 'uft-8' soup = bs(html.text, 'html.parser' ) text = soup.find( 'div' , id = 'article' ).get_text().strip() text = text.replace( '點擊進入專題:' , '相關專題:' ) text = text.replace( ' ' , '\n ' ) while '\n\n\n' in text: text = text.replace( '\n\n\n' , '\n\n' ) return text >>> url = 'https://******/w/2021-09-29/doc-iktzqtyt8811588.shtml' >>> NewsDownload(url) '原標題:******************************************************' >>> |
界面代碼
使用內置的圖形界面庫 tkinter 控件 Text 、Listbox、Scrollbar、Button。設置基本屬性、放置位置、綁定命令,然后調試到程序完工!
源代碼 News.pyw :其中涉及的網站名稱已馬賽克!
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from requests import get from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs from datetime import datetime as dt from os import path import tkinter as tk def Today(style = 1 ): date = dt.today() if style! = 1 : return f '{date.month}月{date.day}日' return f '{date.year}-{date.month:02}-{date.day:02}' def SinaNews(style = 1 ): url1 = 'http://news.****.com.cn/' if style = = 1 : url1 + = 'world' elif style = = 2 : url1 + = 'china' else : url1 = 'https://mil.****.com.cn/' text = get(url1) text.encoding = 'uft-8' soup = bs(text.text, 'html.parser' ) aTags = soup.find_all( "a" ) return [(t.text,t[ 'href' ]) for t in aTags if Today() in str (t)] def NewsList(i): global news news = SinaNews(i) tList.delete( 0 ,tk.END) for idx,item in enumerate (news): tList.insert(tk.END,f '{idx+1:03} {item[0]}' ) tText.config(state = tk.NORMAL) tText.delete( 0.0 ,tk.END) tText.config(state = tk.DISABLED) NewsShow( 0 ) def NewsList1(): NewsList( 1 ) def NewsList2(): NewsList( 2 ) def NewsList3(): NewsList( 3 ) def NewsShow(idx): if idx! = 0 : idx = tList.curselection()[ 0 ] title,url = news[idx][ 0 ],news[idx][ 1 ] html = get(url) html.encoding = 'uft-8' soup = bs(html.text, 'html.parser' ) text = soup.find( 'div' , id = 'article' ).get_text().strip() text = text.replace( '點擊進入專題:' , '相關專題:' ) text = text.replace( ' ' , '\n ' ) while '\n\n\n' in text: text = text.replace( '\n\n\n' , '\n\n' ) tText.config(state = tk.NORMAL) tText.delete( 0.0 ,tk.END) tText.insert(tk.END, title + '\n\n' + text) tText.config(state = tk.DISABLED) def InitWindow( self ,W,H): Y = self .winfo_screenheight() winPosition = str (W) + 'x' + str (H) + '+8+' + str (Y - H - 100 ) self .geometry(winPosition) icoFile = 'favicon.ico' f = path.exists(icoFile) if f: win.iconbitmap(icoFile) self .resizable( False , False ) self .wm_attributes( '-topmost' , True ) self .title(bTitle[ 0 ]) SetControl() self .update() self .mainloop() def SetControl(): global tList,tText tScroll = tk.Scrollbar(win, orient = tk.VERTICAL) tScroll.place(x = 450 ,y = 320 ,height = 300 ) tList = tk.Listbox(win,selectmode = tk.BROWSE,yscrollcommand = tScroll. set ) tScroll.config(command = tList.yview) for idx,item in enumerate (news): tList.insert(tk.END,f '{idx+1:03} {item[0]}' ) tList.place(x = 15 ,y = 320 ,width = 435 ,height = 300 ) tList.select_set( 0 ) tList.focus() bW,bH = 70 , 35 #按鈕的寬高 bX,bY = 95 , 270 #按鈕的坐標 tBtn1 = tk.Button(win,text = bTitle[ 1 ],command = NewsList1) tBtn1.place(x = bX,y = bY,width = bW,height = bH) tBtn2 = tk.Button(win,text = bTitle[ 2 ],command = NewsList2) tBtn2.place(x = bX + 100 ,y = bY,width = bW,height = bH) tBtn3 = tk.Button(win,text = bTitle[ 3 ],command = NewsList3) tBtn3.place(x = bX + 200 ,y = bY,width = bW,height = bH) tScroll2 = tk.Scrollbar(win, orient = tk.VERTICAL) tScroll2.place(x = 450 ,y = 10 ,height = 240 ) tText = tk.Text(win,yscrollcommand = tScroll2. set ) tScroll2.config(command = tText.yview) tText.place(x = 15 ,y = 10 ,width = 435 ,height = 240 ) tText.config(state = tk.DISABLED,bg = 'azure' ,font = ( '宋體' , '14' )) NewsShow( 0 ) tList.bind( "<Double-Button-1>" ,NewsShow) if __name__ = = '__main__' : win = tk.Tk() bTitle = ( '今日新聞' , '國際新聞' , '國內新聞' , '軍事新聞' ) news = SinaNews() InitWindow(win, 480 , 640 ) |
奉上全部代碼,在此就不作詳細分析了,如有需要請留言討論。我的使用環境 Win7+Python3.8.8 下可以無錯運行!文中涉及網站名稱已打上馬賽克,猜不出名字的可以私下里問我。
軟件編譯
使用pyinstaller.exe編譯成單個運行文件,注意源碼文件的后綴名應該用.pyw否則會有cmd黑窗口出現。還有一個小知識點,任意網站的Logo圖標icon文件,一般都能在根目錄里下載到,即:
http(s)://websiteurl.com(.cn)/favicon.ico
編譯命令如下:
D:\>pyinstaller --onefile --nowindowed --icon="D:\favicon.ico" News.pyw
編譯完成后,在dist文件夾下生成一個News.exe可執行文件,大小約15M還能接受。
反正拿走就能直接用,臨走前記得收藏,謝謝!
到此這篇關于結合Python網絡爬蟲做一個今日新聞小程序的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關Python 新聞程序內容請搜索服務器之家以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以后多多支持服務器之家!
原文鏈接:https://blog.csdn.net/boysoft2002/article/details/120549021