requests接口測試的介紹

requests是一個很實用的Python HTTP客戶端庫，編寫爬蟲和測試服務器響應數據時經常會用到，Requests是Python語言的第三方的庫，專門用于發送HTTP請求

requests接口測試的使用前提

pip install requests

1.requests中的get請求

1 GET無參請求

r = requests.get('http://www.baidu.com')

案例：

import requests
class Classrequset:
  def Claete(self):
      r = requests.get('http://www.baidu.com')
      print(r.text)
a=Classrequset()
a.Claete()     

2.GET傳參

payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2', 'key3': None}
r = requests.get('http://www.baidu.com ', params=payload)

案例：

  def XWTTMethod(self):
      params = {"type": "guonei", "key": "4b72107de3a197b3bafd9adacf685790"}
      r = requests.get("http://v.juhe.cn/toutiao/index", params=params)
      print(r.text)
a=Classrequset()
a.XWTTMethod()

2.requests中的post請求

payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload)

案例：

def XWTTMethodpost(self):
      uripost="http://v.juhe.cn/toutiao/index"
      datapost={"type":"youxi","page":"1","size":"10","key":"ff64bdb75dd1fbc636724101514cfbe7"}
      r =requests.post(url=uripost,data=datapost)
      print(r.text)
      # print(r.status_code) #這是查看狀態碼的
a=Classrequset()
a.XWTTMethodpost()

3.Requests響應

r.status_code        響應狀態碼
r.heards             響應頭
r.cookies            響應cookies
r.text               響應文本
r. encoding          當前編碼
r. content		    以字節形式（二進制）返回

最常用的是根據響應狀態碼判斷接口是否連通，經常用于做接口中斷言判斷

4.Request擴充

1：添加等待時間 requests.get(url,timeout=1) #超過等待時間則報錯 2：添加請求頭信息 requests.get(url,headers=headers) #設置請求頭 3：添加文件 requests.post(url, files=files) #添加文件

文件傳輸

url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'
files = {'file': open('report.xls', 'rb')}
r = requests.post(url, files=files)

5.python實現requests+pytest+allure的操作

1 流程如下

讀取文件中的數據 requests拿到數據請求接口返回狀態碼通過斷言驗證返回狀態碼和200對比生成allure的測試報告

6.讀取csv文件流程

1 存儲數據(csv)

2 讀取數據(readDemo)

import csv
class ReadCsv():
  def readCsv(self):
      item = []
      rr = csv.reader(open("../request/1212223.csv"))
      for csv_i in rr:
          item.append(csv_i)
      return item

a=ReadCsv()
print(a.readCsv())

3 request請求接口返回狀態碼

from request.dataDemo import ReadCsv
import requests
r=ReadCsv()
ee=r.readCsv()
ltms=[]
class RequestClass:
  def requesthome(self):
      for a in ee:
          if a[2]=="get":
            ss=requests.get(url=a[0],params=a[1])
            ltms.append(ss.status_code)
          else:
            ss=requests.post(url=a[0],data=a[1])
            ltms.append(ss.status_code)
      return ltms
q=RequestClass()
print(q.requesthome())

4 pytest斷言設置并結合allure生成測試報告

import pytest, allure, os
from request.request03_csv import RequestClass

r = RequestClass()
aa = r.requesthome()


class TestRequest:
  def testcvsHose(self):
      for s in aa:
          assert s == 200


if __name__ == '__main__':
  pytest.main(['--alluredir','report/result','requests_test.py'])
  split = 'allure ' + 'generate ' + './report/result ' + '-o ' + './report/html ' + '--clean'
  os.system(split)

5 測試報告展示

7.讀取excle文件流程

1 存儲數據(xlsx)

2 讀取數據(readDemo)

from openpyxl import load_workbook
class UseExcel():
  def get_TestExcel(self):
      # 打開表
      workbook = load_workbook('./777.xlsx')
      # 定位表單
      sheet = workbook['Sheet1']
      print(sheet.max_row)     #3 行
      print(sheet.max_column)  #3 列
      test_data = []#把所有行的數據放到列表中
      for i in range(2,sheet.max_row+1):
          sub_data = {}#把每行的數據放到字典中
          for j in range(1,sheet.max_column+1):
              sub_data[sheet.cell(1,j).value] = sheet.cell(i,j).value
          test_data.append(sub_data)#拼接每行單元格的數據
      return test_data
t = UseExcel()
f = t.get_TestExcel()
print(f)

3.request請求接口返回狀態碼

import requests
from request.requestxls import UseExcel
a=UseExcel()
f = a.get_TestExcel()
item = []
class Use_Requestexcel():
  def qualification_mord(self):
      for excel_i in f:
           if excel_i["method"] == "get":
              rr = requests.get(url=excel_i["url"],params=excel_i["paras"])
              item.append(rr.status_code)
           else:
              rr = requests.post(url=excel_i["url"],data=excel_i["paras"])
              item.append(rr.status_code)
      return item

r=Use_Requestexcel()

4 pytest斷言設置并結合allure生成測試報告

import pytest, allure, os
from request.requestextes import Use_Requestexcel
r = Use_Requestexcel()
aa = r.qualification_mord()

print(aa)
class Testrequest:
  def testcvsHose(self):
      for s in aa:
          assert s == 200

if __name__ == '__main__':
  pytest.main(['--alluredir','report/result','test_req.py'])
  split = 'allure ' + 'generate ' + './report/result ' + '-o ' + './report/html ' + '--clean'
  os.system(split)

5 測試報告展示

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原文鏈接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_61430050/article/details/120705009