一、安裝
1.安裝JDK
下載的jdk文件為：jdk-6u45-linux-x64.bin，執行如下命令進行安裝：
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#./jdk-6u12-linux-i586.bin |
2.安裝tomcat：
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#tar zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz#mv apache-tomcat-6.0.29 tomcat |
這里我將解壓后的apache-tomcat-6.0.29重命名為了tomcat方便操作。
3.配置環境變量：
編輯/etc下的profile文件，加上如下內容：
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JAVA_HOME="/opt/app/jdk1.6.0_45"CLASS_PATH="$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib"PATH=".:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin"CATALINA_HOME="/opt/app/tomcat"export JAVA_HOME CATALINA_HOME |
執行下面命令使變更生效：
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# source /etc/profile |
啟動tomcat并輸入http://domain:8080，如果看到貓的頁面即tomcat和jdk安裝成功
新建文件目錄/home/www為網站存放目錄，設置server.xml文件，在Host name=”localhost”處將appBase=的指向路徑改為/home/www/web
創建index.jsp至/home/www/web/ROOT，內容為：“hello!” 重新啟動tomcat，重新訪問，如果看到index.jsp文件內容hello！表示設置成功。
4.安裝Nginx
執行如下命令解壓nginx：
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# tar zxvf nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz# mv nginx-1.4.4 nginx |
同樣重命名了一下。
安裝nginx：
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# ./configure --prefix=/opt/app/nginx |
結果出現了錯誤：error: C compiler cc is not found，按網上所說安裝編譯源碼所需的工具和庫：
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#yum install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel perl |
再次安裝，發現還有錯誤：the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
執行
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# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel |
終于成功，
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# ./configure --prefix=/opt/app/nginx# make# make install |
nginx安裝成功后的安裝目錄為/opt/app/nginx
二、Nginx方面的配置
在/usr/local/目錄下分別安裝nginx和tomcat
為nginx添加conf.d目錄，用于各項目的配置，比如新建renhetoutiao.conf文件
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server { listen 80; server_name devtoutiao.renhe.cn; root /home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/htdocs; access_log /home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/logs/access_log.log; location = / { rewrite ^/$ /index.shtml last; } location ~ .shtml { proxy_pass http://localhost:8081; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } location ~ .*.(js|css)?$ { expires 1h; }}server { listen 80; server_name devtoutiao.renhe.cn; root /home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/htdocs; access_log /home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/logs/access_log.log; location = / { rewrite ^/$ /index.shtml last; } location ~ .shtml { proxy_pass http://localhost:8081; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } location ~ .*.(js|css)?$ { expires 1h; }} |
對nginx的conf/nginx.conf修改，第二行 user root，賦予nginx root權限，在http中添加 include /usr/local/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
選擇一個項目如renhetoutiao, 目錄/home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/
三、Tomcat方面的配置
catalina.policy catalina.properties context.xml tomcat-users.xml server.xml web.xml
這5個配置文件就可以啟動一個tomcat實例，其中server.xml是必須配置的。
catalina.policy catalina.properties web.xml 可以使用默認的，可以從安裝路徑copy,context.xml tomcat-users.xml可以不用。
所以每個項目我們只需要配置server.xml, 如renhetoutiao項目的配置
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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><Server port="8015" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" /> <Service name="Catalina"> <Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost"> <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="false" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false"> <Context docBase="/home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/web" path="" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service></Server><?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><Server port="8015" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" /> <Service name="Catalina"> <Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost"> <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="false" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false"> <Context docBase="/home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/web" path="" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service></Server> |
因為使用nginx，tomcat的ajp不會使用，所以可以去掉，tomcat可以這樣簡單配置。注意每個項目的連接端口和關閉端口，不要有重復。
因為tomcat回去加載指定路徑下得class lib，所以必須把配置、依賴等copy至web下，啟動腳本bin/startup，關閉腳本bin/shutdown 如下:
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#!/bin/sh export CATALINA_BASE="$PWD"export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat" #啟動為適配tomcat目錄做的準備#遷移tomcat必要的配置文件 catalina.policy catalina.properties context.xml tomcat-users.xml web.xmlif [ ! -f "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy ]; then cp "$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/catalina.policy "$CATALINA_BASE"/conffi if [ ! -f "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.properties ]; then cp "$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/catalina.properties "$CATALINA_BASE"/conffi if [ ! -f "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/web.xml ]; then cp "$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/web.xml "$CATALINA_BASE"/conffi if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE"/logs ]; then mkdir logsfi #準備classes和lib目錄CLASSES_PATH="$CATALINA_BASE"/web/WEB-INF/classesLIB_PATH="$CATALINA_BASE"/web/WEB-INF/librm -rf "$CLASSES_PATH"rm -rf "$LIB_PATH"cp -R "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf "$CLASSES_PATH"cp -R "$CATALINA_BASE"/lib "$LIB_PATH" #啟動時會記錄進程ID，存放于logs/tomcat.pid內#shutdown時強制關閉該進程$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh |
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#!/bin/sh export CATALINA_BASE="$PWD"export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat" #啟動為適配tomcat目錄做的準備#遷移tomcat必要的配置文件 catalina.policy catalina.properties context.xml tomcat-users.xml web.xmlif [ ! -f "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy ]; then cp "$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/catalina.policy "$CATALINA_BASE"/conffi if [ ! -f "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.properties ]; then cp "$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/catalina.properties "$CATALINA_BASE"/conffi if [ ! -f "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/web.xml ]; then cp "$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/web.xml "$CATALINA_BASE"/conffi if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE"/logs ]; then mkdir logsfi #準備classes和lib目錄CLASSES_PATH="$CATALINA_BASE"/web/WEB-INF/classesLIB_PATH="$CATALINA_BASE"/web/WEB-INF/librm -rf "$CLASSES_PATH"rm -rf "$LIB_PATH"cp -R "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf "$CLASSES_PATH"cp -R "$CATALINA_BASE"/lib "$LIB_PATH"#啟動時會記錄進程ID，存放于logs/tomcat.pid內#shutdown時強制關閉該進程$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh |
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#!/bin/sh export CATALINA_BASE="$PWD"export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat" $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh#!/bin/sh export CATALINA_BASE="$PWD"export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat" $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh |
通過tomcat的startup.sh腳本,會碰到項目中分配的線程沒有及時釋放，tomcat不能及時關閉，導致重啟時產生端口沖突
解決方案：強制關閉tomcat進程，kill -9 PID，執行腳本需要啟動時記錄各個tomcat實例的進程，這里將進程PID保存在項目的logs目錄下。
記錄PID的操作需要修改tomcat安裝目錄下 bin/catalina.sh腳本
在PRGDIR=dirname "$PRG"后面加上
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TOMCAT_PID="$PWD"/"logs/tomcat.pid"if [ -f "$TOMCAT_PID" ]; then CATALINA_PID="$TOMCAT_PID"elif [ $1 = "start" ]; then CATALINA_PID="$TOMCAT_PID"fiTOMCAT_PID="$PWD"/"logs/tomcat.pid"if [ -f "$TOMCAT_PID" ]; then CATALINA_PID="$TOMCAT_PID"elif [ $1 = "start" ]; then CATALINA_PID="$TOMCAT_PID"fi |
最后需要給項目用戶可執行權限 chmod 777 catalina.sh
