前言
本文主要介紹的是關(guān)于.NET Core單文件發(fā)布靜態(tài)編譯AOT CoreRT，將.NET Core應(yīng)用打包成一個(gè)可執(zhí)行文件并包含運(yùn)行時(shí)。
支持Windows, MacOS and Linux x64 w/ RyuJIT codegen。
示例項(xiàng)目：
https://github.com/dotnet/corert/tree/master/samples/WebApi
下面來實(shí)際體驗(yàn)。
首先確保安裝C++編譯環(huán)境，以及.NET Core 2.0 以上版本SDK。
新建WebAPI應(yīng)用
打開命令提示符，輸入如下：
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dotnet new webapi -o zeroapicd zeroapi |
新建WebAPI應(yīng)用。
添加CoreRT到項(xiàng)目
目前CoreRT還是alpha版，在myget上有包。
首先添加一個(gè)nuget.config
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dotnet new nuget |
然后在 <packageSources> 節(jié)點(diǎn)添加如下：
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<add key="dotnet-core" value="https://dotnet.myget.org/F/dotnet-core/api/v3/index.json" /><add key="nuget.org" value="https://api.nuget.org/v3/index.json" protocolVersion="3" /> |
接著添加Microsoft.DotNet.ILCompiler包引用：
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dotnet add package Microsoft.DotNet.ILCompiler -v 1.0.0-alpha-* |
替換默認(rèn)services并處理反射
打開Startup.cs ,將 services.AddMvc(); 替換成 services.AddMvcCore().AddJsonFormatters();
接著創(chuàng)建一個(gè)rd.xml 配置文件，用于反射處理運(yùn)行時(shí)，確保反射程序集編譯到程序中。
rd.xml配置文件如下：
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<Directives> <Application> <Assembly Name="zeroapi" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core"> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.KestrelServer" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.Internal.KestrelServerOptionsSetup" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel" Dynamic="Required All"/> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Transport.Libuv"> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Transport.Libuv.LibuvTransportFactory" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Transport.Libuv.LibuvTransportOptions" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Dynamic="Required All"> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.DefaultServiceProviderFactory" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteExpressionBuilder" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteRuntimeResolver" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteValidator" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Options"> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Options.OptionsManager`1[[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.KestrelServerOptions,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core]]" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Options.OptionsFactory`1[[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.KestrelServerOptions,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core]]" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Options.OptionsMonitor`1[[Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console.ConsoleLoggerOptions,Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console]]" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Core" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing"> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.Internal.RoutingMarkerService" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.RouterMiddleware" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.Tree.TreeRouteBuilder" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.DefaultInlineConstraintResolver" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.RouteOptions" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.Json"> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.Json.Internal.MvcJsonMvcOptionsSetup" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.MvcJsonOptions" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization"> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.DefaultAuthorizationPolicyProvider" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.AuthorizationOptions" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http"> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.HttpContextFactory" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting" Dynamic="Required All"> <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.ApplicationLifetime" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions"> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Logger`1[[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting]]" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging"> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.LoggerFactory" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console"> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console.ConsoleLoggerOptions" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console.ConsoleLoggerProvider" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug"> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug.DebugLogger" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug.DebugLoggerProvider" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="System.Linq.Expressions"> <Type Name="System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionCreator`1[[Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.ObjectConstructor`1[[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib]],Newtonsoft.Json]]" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionCreator`1[[System.Func`2[[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib],[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib]],System.Private.CoreLib]]" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool"> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool.DefaultObjectPoolProvider" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Newtonsoft.Json"> <Type Name="Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.ObjectConstructor`1[[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib]]" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="System.ComponentModel.TypeConverter"> <Type Name="System.ComponentModel.TypeConverter" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="System.ComponentModel.StringConverter" Dynamic="Required All" /> <Type Name="System.ComponentModel.Int32Converter" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json"> <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json.JsonConfigurationSource" Dynamic="Required All" /> </Assembly> </Application></Directives> |
其中如果你要替換成自己的程序，更改 <Assembly Name="zeroapi" Dynamic="Required All" /> 中的Name。
打開zeroapi.csproj
在<PropertyGroup>節(jié)點(diǎn)下將 <RdXmlFile>rd.xml</RdXmlFile> 加入。
接著將 <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.All" Version="2.0.3" /> 替換成如下：
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<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore" Version="2.0.1" /><PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Core" Version="2.0.1" /><PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.Json" Version="2.0.1" /> |
接著將 ValuesController 更改一下，確保功能正常，如下：
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public class ValuesController { [HttpGet("/")] public string Hello() => "Hello World! LineZero AOT"; // GET api/values [HttpGet("/api/values")] public IEnumerable<string> Get() { return new string[] { "AOT", "CoreRT" }; } // GET api/values/5 [HttpGet("/api/values/{id}")] public string Get(int id) { return "Your value is " + id; } } |
程序改造完成，接著最重要的發(fā)布。
還原并發(fā)布
發(fā)布之前，使用dotnet run 確保功能正常運(yùn)行。
發(fā)布請(qǐng)打開 x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2017 ，注意一定在此命令行發(fā)布。在開始菜單找到 Visual Studio 2017，打開就能找到。
發(fā)布命令還是 dotnet publish -r <RID> -c <Configuration>
這里發(fā)布Windows 64位 dotnet publish -r win-x64 -c release，初次的話會(huì)默認(rèn)還原對(duì)應(yīng)的包，需要一些時(shí)間。
發(fā)布完成后，打開bin\x64\release\netcoreapp2.0\win-x64\publish 文件夾，里面zeroapi.exe即為最終文件，執(zhí)行即可。
可以看到最終大小為21m左右。然后訪問http://localhost:5000/ 如圖：
控制臺(tái)Demo
新建一個(gè)控制臺(tái)應(yīng)用，使用AOT發(fā)布。
單純控制臺(tái)，沒有反射的內(nèi)容，無需要rd.xml 文件。
代碼如下：
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class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine("Hello World!"); Console.WriteLine("LineZero AOT Demo！"); Console.ReadKey(); } } |
最終 dotnet publish -r win-x64 -c release 發(fā)布
最終單個(gè)文件大小不到4m！
目前該技術(shù)還是早期版本，期待微軟最終帶到正式版。
GitHub：https://github.com/dotnet/corert
總結(jié)
以上就是這篇文章的全部內(nèi)容了，希望本文的內(nèi)容對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值，如果有疑問大家可以留言交流，謝謝大家對(duì)服務(wù)器之家的支持。
原文鏈接：https://www.cnblogs.com/linezero/p/CoreRT.html
